AMV Hospitals

Puppalaguda

+91 - 91000 09669

Attapur

+91 - 80088 42200

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Attapur

+91 - 8008842200

Puppalaguda

+91 - 9100009669
Book Appointment
Zero Sperm Count - Azoospermia Treatment in Hyderabad

Gynecologists

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What is Zero Sperm Count (Azoospermia) ?

Azoospermia is a medical condition in which no sperm is present in the semen. It is a significant cause of male infertility and is usually diagnosed through a detailed semen analysis.

Couples may need to seek medical advice if they have been having regular, unprotected intercourse for over a year without achieving pregnancy. Infertility can be related to the male partner, the female partner, or both.

Research indicates that male fertility issues are responsible for about 40% of infertility cases, and azoospermia is one of the key contributing factors. Although it can be distressing, modern diagnostic methods and treatment options have made it possible for many men with azoospermia to achieve biological parenthood.

Symptoms of Azoospermia (Zero Sperm Count)

Azoospermia often shows no visible symptoms, but certain signs may indicate an underlying issue related to male infertility.

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Infertility

Difficulty in achieving pregnancy despite regular, unprotected intercourse is the most common sign of azoospermia.

Low Semen Volume or Absence of Sperm

Semen may appear normal, but laboratory tests reveal a zero sperm count.

Testicular Pain or Swelling

Pain, swelling, or discomfort in the testicles or scrotum may indicate infection, blockage, or sperm production problems.

Hormonal Imbalance Symptoms

Signs such as breast enlargement, reduced facial or body hair, or fatigue may result from low testosterone levels.

Sexual Dysfunction

Reduced libido, erectile dysfunction, or ejaculation issues may be linked to hormonal or reproductive disorders.

Abnormal Testicular Development

Small, firm, or undescended testicles can be associated with conditions affecting sperm production.

Causes of Azoospermia (Zero Sperm Count)

Azoospermia can develop due to different medical conditions that either block the flow of sperm or affect sperm production itself. Based on the cause, it is broadly classified into obstructive azoospermia and non-obstructive azoospermia.

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Obstructive Azoospermia

Obstructive azoospermia occurs when sperm is produced in the testicles but cannot reach the semen due to a blockage in the reproductive tract.

Common causes include:

  • Vasectomy:
    A permanent male birth control procedure where the vas deferens is cut or sealed, preventing sperm from entering the ejaculate.
  • Congenital Absence of the Vas Deferens:
    A birth defect in which the tubes that transport sperm from the testicles are missing.
  • Infections:
    Sexually transmitted infections or other reproductive tract infections can cause inflammation, scarring, or blockages.
  • Post-Surgical Scarring:
    Previous surgeries involving the groin, testicles, or prostate may lead to scar tissue that blocks sperm transport.

Non-Obstructive Azoospermia

Non-obstructive azoospermia is caused by impaired sperm production or hormonal dysfunction within the body.

Common causes include:

  • Genetic Conditions:
    Disorders such as Klinefelter syndrome or Y-chromosome abnormalities that interfere with normal sperm development.
  • Hormonal Imbalances:
    Problems with the pituitary gland or hypothalamus can disrupt hormone levels essential for sperm production.
  • Testicular Damage:
    Injury, severe infections like mumps, testicular cancer, or exposure to chemotherapy or radiation can harm sperm-producing cells.
  • Environmental and Lifestyle Factors:
    Long-term exposure to chemicals, toxins, excessive heat, smoking, or radiation may reduce or stop sperm production.

How Does a Man Know if He Has Azoospermia?

1. Difficulty in Conceiving:
 Failure to achieve pregnancy after one year of regular, unprotected intercourse may indicate a fertility issue.

2. Initial Semen Analysis:
 A semen sample is examined in a laboratory to check for the presence of sperm.

3. Repeat Semen Testing:
Azoospermia is confirmed when no sperm is found in two separate semen tests.

4. Medical History and Physical Examination:
 The doctor reviews past medical conditions and performs a physical examination to identify possible causes.

5. Hormone Blood Tests:
 Blood tests are done to evaluate hormone levels that play a key role in sperm production.

6. Imaging or Genetic Tests:
 Ultrasound, MRI, or genetic testing may be performed to detect blockages or genetic abnormalities.

Diagnosis of Azoospermia

Azoospermia is usually diagnosed during a male infertility evaluation. The process involves several structured steps to confirm the condition and identify its underlying cause.

The first step in diagnosing azoospermia is a semen analysis, where the ejaculate is examined under a microscope and compared with WHO reference standards.

If no sperm is detected, the entire semen sample is centrifuged to confirm complete absence of sperm.

Since sperm production (spermatogenesis) takes about 72 days, the test must be repeated:

  • Two to three semen analyses, each performed 3 months apart, are required.

A diagnosis of azoospermia is confirmed when no sperm is found in multiple consecutive tests.

A detailed physical examination is performed to assess:

  • Testicular size and volume
  • Epididymis and vas deferens
  • Signs of blockage or testicular abnormalities

Blood tests are conducted to assess hormone levels that influence sperm production, including:

  • FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone): High levels may indicate testicular failure, while low levels suggest pituitary dysfunction
  • Testosterone
  • Thyroid hormones
  • Prolactin

To identify blockages or structural problems, doctors may recommend:

  • Seminal fluid biochemistry to analyze secretions such as fructose, zinc, citrate, and carnitine
  • Scrotal ultrasound to examine the testes, epididymis, and vas deferens
  • Blood tests for infections, such as Chlamydia
  • MRI or X-ray of the pituitary gland, if hormonal abnormalities suggest a higher-level disorder

 

If no obstruction is found:

  • Genetic tests and karyotyping are performed to detect chromosomal abnormalities
  • A testicular biopsy may be done under local anesthesia to assess sperm production within the testicular tissue
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Azoospermia (Zero Sperm Count) Treatment at AMVI Hospital

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Hormonal Treatment

If azoospermia is caused by hormone deficiency or imbalance, medicines are given to correct hormone levels. Treatment usually continues for at least three months. In selected patients, natural sperm production may restart, and pregnancy can occur through natural intercourse. If sperm appears, it can also be frozen for future use.

Treatment for Infection

Infections of the male reproductive system can affect sperm flow or production. These are diagnosed through medical history, examination, and semen culture tests. Based on drug sensitivity, a proper course of antibiotics is prescribed, which may help restore fertility.

Surgical Treatment for Blockage

When azoospermia occurs due to blockage in the vas deferens, surgery may be considered. This procedure requires microsurgical expertise and results depend on the location and severity of blockage. Men who have undergone vasectomy may benefit more from this surgery.

Varicocele Treatment

Varicocele is the enlargement of veins in the scrotum and rarely leads to complete azoospermia. In carefully selected patients, surgical correction may improve testicular function and increase the chance of sperm recovery.

Testicular Fixation Surgery

In some men, the testicles do not descend properly into the scrotum. Early surgical fixation during childhood helps preserve fertility, while surgery performed in adulthood usually has limited benefit.

Sperm Retrieval with
IVF–ICSI

If sperm is not present in semen but exists inside the testicles, sperm can be retrieved through a minor procedure done under local anesthesia. Retrieved sperm can be frozen and later used for fertilization through IVF with ICSI, offering a chance of pregnancy even with very few sperm.

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About doctor

Dr Shaivalini Kamarapu – IVF & Fertility Specialist

Gynecologist, Fertility Specialist, Robotics & Laparoscopy Surgeon

About Dr Shaivalini Kamarapu
  • Dr. Shaivalini Kamarapu is a highly experienced infertility specialist at AMVI Hospital, Hyderabad, with over 20 years of expertise in women’s and men’s reproductive health.
  • She specialises in the diagnosis and treatment of zero sperm count (azoospermia), offering personalised and evidence-based fertility care for couples facing severe male infertility.
  • Her clinical expertise includes male infertility evaluation, hormonal assessment, advanced semen analysis, and guidance for surgical sperm retrieval and IVF-ICSI treatment, ensuring accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning.
  • She has extensive experience managing complex fertility cases, including obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia, repeated IVF failures, and age-related fertility challenges.
  • Dr. Kamarapu follows a patient-centric and ethical approach, providing transparent counselling and realistic expectations for couples undergoing treatment for zero sperm count in Hyderabad.
  • She is also skilled in laparoscopic surgery, helping manage associated female fertility conditions such as endometriosis, fibroids, and tubal blockages to improve overall treatment outcomes.
  • Consultant at Rainbow, Apollo & Ankura Hospitals.
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Azoospermia Treatment Success Rates

When sperm is successfully identified in the testicular tissue and healthy egg cells are available, fertilization through ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) can achieve success rates similar to those seen with normal ejaculated sperm.

In such cases, the pregnancy success rate per treatment cycle is approximately 55% to 60%, although results may vary depending on factors such as the woman’s age, egg quality, embryo development, and overall fertility health of the couple.

At AMVI Hospital, advanced laboratory techniques and an experienced embryology team play a crucial role in handling testicular sperm with precision and care. This expertise helps optimize fertilization, embryo quality, and overall treatment outcomes, offering couples the best possible chance of achieving pregnancy.

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Why choose Amvi hospital For Azoospermia treatment

Experienced & Trusted Medical Specialists

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Advanced Multispecialty Healthcare Services

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Medical Technology

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Comprehensive Care
Under One Roof

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Personalised Treatment Plans for Every Patient

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Patient-First Treatment Approach

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Dedicated Support Staff & Patient Care Team

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Our centers in Hyderabad

Puppalaguda

  • Hallmark Empyrean Commercial Complex Narsingi-Puppalaguda Main Road Puppalaguda, Puppalaguda - Manikonda Main Rd, opposite to Sloka school, Hyderabad, Telangana 500089
  • 91-91000 09669
  • amvihospitals@gmail.com

Attapur

Testimonials

Our IVF treatment at AMVI Hospitals was a positive experience. Dr. Shaivalini Kamarapu explained the entire IVF process clearly and guided us at every stage.

Anjali Reddy

We chose AMVI Hospitals for IVF treatment, and it was the right decision. Dr. Shaivalini Kamarapu’s personalized approach gave us confidence throughout the fertility journey.

Rahul & Sneha Verma

From the first consultation to embryo transfer, the IVF care at AMVI Hospitals was excellent. Dr. Shaivalini Kamarapu was patient, supportive, and very knowledgeable.

Pooja Sharma

IVF treatment was handled professionally with great attention to detail. The staff was kind, and the doctors were very reassuring.

Ritu Agarwal

Choosing this hospital for IVF was the best decision we made. The support and care we received helped us stay positive throughout.

Nikhil & Priya Malhotra

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FAQs related to Azoospermia

No. Azoospermia can only be diagnosed through laboratory testing of semen samples. Home testing methods cannot accurately detect the complete absence of sperm.

Not always. Many men with azoospermia can still become fathers with proper medical evaluation and the right treatment approach, depending on the underlying cause.

Yes. Healthy lifestyle practices such as balanced nutrition, stress management, avoiding tobacco and alcohol, maintaining proper sleep, and limiting heat exposure may support fertility treatment outcomes.

Genetic testing helps identify inherited conditions affecting sperm production and allows doctors to guide couples on treatment options and future reproductive planning.

Follow-up schedules differ for each patient, but regular monitoring is usually recommended every few weeks to assess progress and adjust treatment if needed.

In some men, azoospermia may be associated with hormonal disturbances or developmental conditions that can also affect sexual health or overall wellbeing.

The diagnosis can be emotionally challenging and may lead to anxiety or emotional distress. Counseling and supportive care can help couples manage these feelings effectively.

AMVI Hospital provides comprehensive care including advanced diagnostic testing, sperm retrieval procedures, and assisted reproductive treatments such as IVF with ICSI.

Treatment success depends on several factors including sperm availability, female partner’s age, egg quality, embryo development, and overall reproductive health.

Yes. Advancements in microsurgery, laboratory techniques, and sperm selection methods continue to enhance success rates for men with azoospermia.

You can schedule an IVF consultation at AMVI Hospital at the Attapur or Puppalguda location by contacting the hospital directly and sharing any previous fertility records.

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